Category Archives: Winter gardening

Planting your fall square foot garden

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kale 090715I’ve been working pretty hard the last 2 weeks in the last effort to plant for fall and winter.  Today I planted 200 carrot seeds which will take us through the spring. Why that many?  Because that’s the amount our family will use though the winter months.  Certified Square Foot Gardening instructors always stress the point that you only grow what you need, what your family eats, and nothing more.

My fall garden is just about all planted now.  I’m waiting on one specialty packet of arugula seeds to finish.  This particular variety grows quickly-like most arugula plants do-but it’s got a milder pepper flavor.  That’s how it’s advertised.  We’ll see if that’s accurate.  In the meantime, I’ve just got a couple of square open for radishes(30 days till harvest), and a couple more for lettuce.  Combined with my huge bounty of cherry tomatoes, chard, spinach, and cucumbers, we are set to have a fantastic fall season of salads.  I’m trying not to boast but nobody can beat the taste of the lettuces I grow.  It’s more than just the varieties, although I think that’s important.  I think the soil is the other very important factor.

All my crops are grown in homemade compost made for free with items coming out of the kitchen and yard.  I have no weeds.  I use no commercial fertilizer.  I have no pests.  I have no use for chemicals of any kind.  Everything is watered just the right amount and harvested at the right time of day.  If you don’t have a garden you’re really missing out on some of the most tasty things in life.  You can beat any farm, CSA, or farmers market by growing lettuce yourself once you learn how.  Last night we had family over for margherita pizza on the grill, cheese bread, and salad.  This particular salad was Paris Cos, pepper jack cheese, homemade croutons, craisins, sunflower seeds, candied walnuts, cucumbers(the best ever!), and my cherry tomatoes(which taste like pure sugar!).  I combined blue cheese and poppy seed for the dressing.  Our guests raved.  So simple.  So good.  Done for pennies.  All from a trip to your garden.

This picture is a kale variety.  I initially ordered winterbor but the seed company was out for the entire year.  The substitute they sent me was starbor, and I’m not sure I’ll grow any other kale variety in the future.  It performed very well with heavy yields and excellent taste.  And it was magic through the hot summer months of July and August[ois skin=”1″]

Getting your square foot gardens ready for winter

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carrotsOk, here we go! I like to always think one season ahead. When folks are planting spring, I’m thinking summer. Right now some are getting ready for a fall garden, I’m thinking winter. Of course, there’s many gardeners around who will be content with letting the fall season end their gardens until next spring. They’ve worked hard-well, they’re still working hard. The weeding has become part of the regular weekend choirs for them or their kids. By Labor day weekend they’ve had it. Too much work, too much time to keep up with it, and now it’ll be time to pull it up and let it rest for the winter.

There’s certainly nothing wrong with this.  I’ve got neighbors who only have and want a summer garden. They might let it go as far into the fall as they can to enjoy the remaining tomatoes and letting the squash ripen a little more.

But since a square foot garden is 90% less work than a traditional row garden, I’ve got a bundle of energy left to go all fall and into the winter.  In fact, I think fall and winter are one of the most rewarding of all the growing seasons.  I think it’s a good idea-for those wanting a good fall garden or even a winter garden-to begin planning now.

For example, I know I’ll need about 200 carrots to take me through the winter.  One of our famous and family favorites-carrot au gratin-requires lots of them.  We’ve made it with store bought carrots and they were so tasteless nobody ate them.  I’ve got to have my carrots ready by November 14th, when the daylight hours go below 10 hours a day.  I’ll just be sure to choose a variety(and I’ve got my favorites)that grow in 60-80 days which will take my timing to about mid-October.  Perfect.  If you get caught and haven’t given yourself enough time to grow winter carrots, try Minicor.  They’re ready in about 60 days and can be harvested at any stage with good flavor.

The thing about winter carrots is their sweetness.  You can pull your carrots out of the ground before the hard frost arrives and store them in the right conditions to take you through the winter.  But they don’t have the same flavor as carrots left outside with roots in the soil.  All the carrot starches turn to sugar as a protective mechanism when cold weather arrives, which is the reason winter carrots are so much sweeter than any other time of the season.  As it turns out being in our cold climate of zone 6B gives us advantages that the warmer climates can’t match[ois skin=”1″]

Square foot gardening in the winter

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january 31, 2015 winter gardenAlthough we’ve had a milder winter, we’ve still had a few significant snow storms this year. One delivered 8 inches of snow and then one a week later we got 4 or 5 additional inches. Today it’s forecast to be in the high 40’s to low 50’s.

I’ve kept a close eye on the evening temperatures with my high/low digital thermometer under the covers. I know there are expert farmers/gardeners who claim that for every layer of protection you move your garden a USDA zone and a half or 500 miles to the south . Since I’m in zone 6B, that would make my gardens the equivalent of zone 9 with my double coverage. That would put me on par with the thermal belt of California’s central valley. Click here to see what folks in zone 9 are growing at this time of the year. There is no way I can come close to what they’re doing. Not right now.

What I think is most important is the “Sunset Zone Considerations” list. As this article explains, the difference between USDA and Sunset zones are very important. While the USDA categorizes zones by the winter low temperatures, the Sunset zones take into consideration many other important factors. The influences listed-altitude, mountains, hills, wind,continental influence, ocean influence(vastly different from east coast), etc. can have a significant effect on winter gardens. If you’d like to grow something through the 6B winter and are of the thought that a simple double cover of plastic and floating row will take you to zone 9-give it a try! You’ll be sadly disappointed.

I did find, however, that my cold frame covered with a simple glass window did a much better job of keeping warm than my double covered square foot garden beds. The challenge with the cold frame is you’ve got to have many of them to take you through the winter. And you must remember to vent them if it’s sunny and gets past 45 degrees.

If you live in a climate where the winter temperature gets below 15 degrees or colder-the lower limit for quality winter salad crops-it becomes even more important to choose the proper things to grow. By minimizing the size of your garden as we do in the square foot gardening system, you can have a different garden by protecting it from the real destroyers of crops-wind and the continual freezing/thawing of crops. With the ability to do just that with your square foot garden, it then becomes a simple matter of crop selection.[ois skin=”1″]

Sprouting carrots

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minicor carrot sproutingI’ve got to get some carrots in the ground pretty soon or they won’t be ready when I need them. You can direct seed them in the soil right now and because of the cold weather some of them won’t come up. This seed pack is 5 years old. Maybe some of the seeds are no longer viable. The ones that aren’t certainly wouldn’t grow, but how do you know what seeds are good and which aren’t?

Sprouting is one of the easiest ways to figure that out. Just take your seeds and place them on a dampened paper towel. Lightly spray the seeds, close them up in a zip lock bag and place it in a room. Some will put them in the furnace room. I just put them in an upstairs bedroom. In the case of these carrots you can see they germinated in 4 days. However, one of them didn’t. Whichever seeds sprout are the ones that are good seeds. These then go into a growing medium where they will sit for the next 80-90 days. By that time they’ll be delicious mini-carrots that are full of flavor. If I had planted these directly it would have taken 3-4 weeks before they emerged in the garden soil.

I just cut off about 25 days by doing it this way. And I know what seeds are good to be transplanted to individual cells. And since I know I need about 100 carrots, I’ll sprout 115 on paper towels. This gives me some wiggle room. Then at a certain point they will go into the garden and take up a measly 4 squares. No wasting time, money, space, or seeds in the square foot gardening system. You only plant what you eat.

For the local folks, in a matter of a couple of weeks I’ll be posting dates for SFG classes. Some are free, some aren’t. The free classes cover the basics of the SFG system. The paid version($25 per person)teach not only the basics but also the advanced techniques of the system.[ois skin=”1″]

My season has begun

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sprouting chive and scallions seeds on January 3, 2015. Square foot gardening planning for the spring season has begun. I recently had a note from someone informing me this method simply doesn’t work as a way of sprouting seeds.  I’ve had nothing but success doing it this way for a decade.  What could be easier?  If you were to put these seeds in the ground right now who knows how many would come up?  Freezing temperatures, snow, wind, etc.  makes this difficult to pull off by planting outside if you live in a northern climate.

Seeds only need two things to germinate-warmth and moisture.  By putting only a small number of seeds on a paper towel, spraying them lightly with water, and then placing them in a closed ziplock bag, you’ve provided them with one of the essentials-moisture.  All you have left to provide is the warmth.  I just place this on top of a filing cabinet in one of the bedrooms and wait.  In a matter of a few days(depending on the crop)you’ll see them swell and then start to grow a small “tail.”  I’ve posted pictures of what this looks like previously.

Once that happens you now have to provide the last thing for them to start growing-light.  Use a pencil or tweezers to lift your seedlings off the paper towel and into growing cells.  I don’t handle them with my fingers because their too fragile.  Cover them with a fine layer of soil, drop the light source about an inch over the height of the plants and keep the soil moist.  Because there’s no top over the soil it can dry out quicker than you might expect.

The reason I prefer this method is twofold.  First, whatever sprouts will grow.  Planting seeds directly into outside soil at this time is risky.  This takes all the guesswork out of the equation.  The other reason is time.  Depending on what you’re planting outside it might take 3-4 weeks to germinate. With few exceptions, the items I grow germinate in a week or less.  It’s a great shortcut.

My focus now is past the four season garden.  Winter has been a lot of fun but it’s now time to plan my square foot garden.  I’ve got plenty of finished compost left over(and covered)from last year to start doing things outside.  And there are several crops that will germinate even during this part of the year.[ois skin=”1″]